Linux下安装mysql

本文内容纲要：

首先，linux下有多种方法，①为编译的，②编译的tar.gz包，③，编译的rpm；本文打算叙述rpm形式的安装过程：后边将书tar.gz包的安装及一些问题的解决参考

一、下载安装包

官方网站下载，或者百度云链接下载：

MySQL-server-5.7.4_m14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm MySQL-client-5.7.4_m14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

二、检查与清理原来是否有安装残留

如果确信没有安装过mysql服务就不用了，如果是重装或者不确定可以逐级查看

如果有用yum安装过使用命令：yumremovemysql*卸载

然后删除mysql旧有的文件和文件夹残留或者数据，：

rm-rfmysql****

杀死mysqld进程kill-9mysqld

特别注意：/etc/my.cnf文件、/usr/bin、/usr/share下的mysql相关的文件也要一并删除，此外还有安装过程中的/etc/init.d/mysql配置文件的删除

三、安装rpm包及解决可能出现的依赖

安装一中下载的rpm文件，先安装server.prm文件，然后安装client.rpm文件

rpm-ivh文件名.rpm

[root@localhost/]#rpm-ivhMySQL-server-5.7.4_m14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

error:Faileddependencies:

net-toolsisneededbyMySQL-server-5.7.4_m14-1.el6.x86_64

学要解决net-tools依赖，可以参考：yum解决依赖关系，中的

YUM常见命令用法如下：

1.列出所有可更新的软件清单，命令：yumcheck-update软件名称

2.安装所有更新软件，命令：yumupdate软件名称

3.仅安装指定的软件，命令：yuminstall软件名称

4.列出所有可安裝的软件清单，命令：yumlist

5.用YUM安装删除软件，命令：yumremove软件名称

简单使用：yuminstallnet-tools然后y同意即可，但是后便会有点小问题看见Complete!才算是安装net-tools成功

后边再执行rpm-ivhxxx.rpm后看见一堆冲突：

file/usr/share/mysql/charsets/READMEfrominstallofMySQL-server-5.7.4_m14-1.el6.x86_64conflictswithfilefrompackagemariadb-libs-1:5.5.47-1.el7_2.x86_64

……

file/usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sysfrominstallofMySQL-server-5.7.4_m14-1.el6.x86_64conflictswithfilefrompackagemariadb-libs-1:5.5.47-1.el7_2.x86_64

很简单，就是之前的文件没有删除干净，重新检查，删除一下。

之前我自己用有用yum安装过mariadb-libs-1:5.5.47-1.el7_2.x86_64，所以用上变得命令yumremovemariadb-libs-1:5.5.47-1.el7_2.x86_64删除这个包mariadb-libs-1:5.5.47-1.el7_2.x86_64

然后再执行rpm-ivhXXX

Preparing...#################################[100%]

find:/var/lib/mysql:Nosuchfileordirectory

Updating/installing...

1:MySQL-server-5.7.4_m14-1.el6#################################[100%]

ARANDOMPASSWORDHASBEENSETFORTHEMySQLrootUSER!

Youwillfindthatpasswordin/root/.mysql_secret.

Youmustchangethatpasswordonyourfirstconnect,

nootherstatementbutSETPASSWORDwillbeaccepted.

Seethemanualforthesemanticsofthepasswordexpiredflag.

留意上边的修改密码提示。

然后安装client：

[root@localhost/]#rpm-ivhMySQL-client-5.7.4_m14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Preparing...#################################[100%]

Updating/installing...

1:MySQL-client-5.7.4_m14-1.el6#################################[100%]

四、设置密码与简单使用

查看服务是否启动，即3306端口是否在启动：netstat-nat

启动服务：servicemysqlstart

[root@localhost/]#servicemysqlstart

StartingMySQL..ERROR!TheserverquitwithoutupdatingPIDfile(/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid).

[root@localhost/]#servicemysqlrestart

ERROR!MySQLserverPIDfilecouldnotbefound!

StartingMySQL..ERROR!TheserverquitwithoutupdatingPIDfile(/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid).

还是原来的问题，还是原来的提示，这酸爽！！！

进入提示的文件夹，果然没有那个pid文件，然后vimlocalhost.localdomain.err查看问题没有什么有用的信息。

简直是，执行rpm-qlMySQL-server-5.7.4_m14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

packageMySQL-server-5.7.4_m14-1.el6.x86_64.rpmisnotinstalled显示的是未安装？？？

[root@localhost/]#servicemysqlstart

StartingMySQL..ERROR!TheserverquitwithoutupdatingPIDfile(/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid).

查资料说有僵尸进程：参考使用命令：ps-aux|grepmysqld显示如下：

root25910.00.38984808pts/0S+03:440:00grep--color=automysqld

然后执行ps-aux的会看到个字段的意思。

USERPID%CPU%MEMVSZRSSTTYSTATSTARTTIMECOMMAND

杀掉进程：kill-9进程号

但是还是启动不了：第二中种没用

终极tie我想笑：丢失了pid怎么办最终自己新建了一个/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid文件，里边直接写入ps-aux|grepmysqld读到的pid值，保存就行。

[root@localhostmysql]#servicemysqlstart

StartingMySQLSUCCESS!

然而:netstat-nat还是查询不到33006端口，再次启动还是是失败。

登录：

五、卸载

------------

tar.gz形式的安装。

一、下载安装包

二、创建mysql用户

三、安装数据库

[root@localhostsever]#cdmysql-5.7.11

[root@localhostmysql-5.7.11]#cdbin

[root@localhostbin]#./mysql_install_db--user=mysql--basedir=/home/mysql/--datadir=/home/mysql/data

2016-04-0422:09:05[WARNING]mysql_install_dbisdeprecated.Pleaseconsiderswitchingtomysqld--initialize

2016-04-0422:09:06[ERROR]Childprocess:/usr/sever/mysql-5.7.11/bin/mysqldterminatedprematurelywitherrno=32

2016-04-0422:09:06[ERROR]Failedtoexecute/usr/sever/mysql-5.7.11/bin/mysqld--bootstrap--datadir=/home/mysql/data--lc-messages-dir=/usr/share/mysql--lc-messages=en_US--basedir=/home/mysql

--serverlogbegin--

2016-04-05T02:09:05.358823Z0[Warning]--bootstrapisdeprecated.Pleaseconsiderusing--initializeinstead

2016-04-05T02:09:05.359564Z0[Warning]Changedlimits:max_open_files:4096(requested5000)

2016-04-05T02:09:05.359573Z0[Warning]Changedlimits:table_open_cache:1967(requested2000)

2016-04-05T02:09:05.360209Z0[ERROR]Cantreadfrommessagefile/usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys

--serverlogend--

[root@localhostbin]#./mysqld--user=mysql--basedir=/home/mysql/--datadir=/home/mysql/data

2016-04-05T02:10:35.847170Z0[Warning]TIMESTAMPwithimplicitDEFAULTvalueisdeprecated.Pleaseuse--explicit_defaults_for_timestampserveroption(seedocumentationformoredetails).

2016-04-05T02:10:35.847260Z0[Warning]Insecureconfigurationfor--secure-file-priv:Currentvaluedoesnotrestrictlocationofgeneratedfiles.Considersettingittoavalid,non-emptypath.

2016-04-05T02:10:35.847293Z0[Note]./mysqld(mysqld5.7.11)startingasprocess16732...

2016-04-05T02:10:35.847327Z0[ERROR]Cantfinderror-messagefile/home/mysql/share/errmsg.sys.Checkerror-messagefilelocationandlc-messages-dirconfigurationdirective.

2016-04-05T02:10:35.850131Z0[ERROR]

2016-04-05T02:10:35.850147Z0[ERROR]Couldntloadpluginnamedkeyring_filewithsonamekeyring_file.so.

2016-04-05T02:10:35.850690Z0[Note]InnoDB:PUNCHHOLEsupportnotavailable

2016-04-05T02:10:35.850832Z0[Note]InnoDB:Mutexesandrw_locksuseGCCatomicbuiltins

2016-04-05T02:10:35.850842Z0[Note]InnoDB:Useseventmutexes

2016-04-05T02:10:35.850848Z0[Note]InnoDB:GCCbuiltin__sync_synchronize()isusedformemorybarrier

2016-04-05T02:10:35.850852Z0[Note]InnoDB:Compressedtablesusezlib1.2.3

2016-04-05T02:10:35.850858Z0[Note]InnoDB:UsingLinuxnativeAIO

2016-04-05T02:10:35.851146Z0[Note]InnoDB:Numberofpools:1

2016-04-05T02:10:35.851259Z0[Note]InnoDB:UsingCPUcrc32instructions

2016-04-05T02:10:35.860704Z0[Note]InnoDB:Initializingbufferpool,totalsize=128M,instances=1,chunksize=128M

2016-04-05T02:10:35.871080Z0[Note]InnoDB:Completedinitializationofbufferpool

2016-04-05T02:10:35.873518Z0[ERROR][FATAL]InnoDB:pthread_createreturned11

2016-04-0422:10:350x7f7a8aa26740InnoDB:Assertionfailureinthread140164288636736infileut0ut.ccline920

InnoDB:Weintentionallygenerateamemorytrap.

InnoDB:Submitadetailedbugreporttohttp://bugs.mysql.com.

InnoDB:Ifyougetrepeatedassertionfailuresorcrashes,even

InnoDB:immediatelyafterthemysqldstartup,theremaybe

InnoDB:corruptionintheInnoDBtablespace.Pleasereferto

InnoDB:http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/forcing-innodb-recovery.html

InnoDB:aboutforcingrecovery.

02:10:35UTC-mysqldgotsignal6;

Thiscouldbebecauseyouhitabug.Itisalsopossiblethatthisbinary

oroneofthelibrariesitwaslinkedagainstiscorrupt,improperlybuilt,

ormisconfigured.Thiserrorcanalsobecausedbymalfunctioninghardware.

Attemptingtocollectsomeinformationthatcouldhelpdiagnosetheproblem.

Asthisisacrashandsomethingisdefinitelywrong,theinformation

collectionprocessmightfail.

key_buffer_size=8388608

read_buffer_size=131072

max_used_connections=0

max_threads=151

thread_count=0

connection_count=0

Itispossiblethatmysqldcoulduseupto

key_buffer_size+(read_buffer_size+sort_buffer_size)*max_threads=68188Kbytesofmemory

Hopethatsok;ifnot,decreasesomevariablesintheequation.

Threadpointer:0x0

Attemptingbacktrace.Youcanusethefollowinginformationtofindout

wheremysqlddied.Ifyouseenomessagesafterthis,somethingwent

terriblywrong...

stack_bottom=0thread_stack0x40000

./mysqld(my_print_stacktrace+0x35)[0xf45595]

./mysqld(handle_fatal_signal+0x4a4)[0x77fd34]

/lib64/libpthread.so.0(+0xf130)[0x7f7a8a606130]

/lib64/libc.so.6(gsignal+0x37)[0x7f7a892075d7]

/lib64/libc.so.6(abort+0x148)[0x7f7a89208cc8]

./mysqld[0x10dd465]

./mysqld(_ZN2ib5fatalD1Ev+0xb3)[0x10e2b33]

./mysqld(_Z21os_thread_create_funcPFPvS_ES_Pm+0x277)[0xff3d37]

./mysqld(_Z34innobase_start_or_create_for_mysqlv+0x1686)[0x1097196]

./mysqld[0xf7669d]

./mysqld(_Z24ha_initialize_handlertonP13st_plugin_int+0x51)[0x7caac1]

./mysqld[0xd35576]

./mysqld(_Z11plugin_initPiPPci+0x965)[0xd3a3c5]

./mysqld[0x77641b]

./mysqld(_Z11mysqld_mainiPPc+0x516)[0x779316]

/lib64/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xf5)[0x7f7a891f3af5]

./mysqld[0x76fdc9]

Themanualpageathttp://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/crashing.htmlcontains

informationthatshouldhelpyoufindoutwhatiscausingthecrash.

四、配置文件

[root@localhostmysql-5.7.11]#cdsupport-files/

[root@localhostsupport-files]#cpmy-default.cnf/etc/my.cnf

cp:overwrite/etc/my.cnf?yes

[root@localhostsupport-files]#cpmysql.server/etc/init.d/mysql

[root@localhostsupport-files]#vim/etc/init.d/mysql

#!/bin/sh

#!/bin/sh

#CopyrightAbandoned1996TCXDataKonsultAB&MontyProgramKB&DetronHB

#ThisfileispublicdomainandcomeswithNOWARRANTYofanykind

#MySQLdaemonstart/stopscript.

#Usuallythisisputin/etc/init.d(atleastonmachinesSYSVR4based

#systems)andlinkedto/etc/rc3.d/S99mysqland/etc/rc0.d/K01mysql.

#Whenthisisdonethemysqlserverwillbestartedwhenthemachineis

#startedandshutdownwhenthesystemsgoesdown.

#CommentstosupportchkconfigonRedHatLinux

#chkconfig:23456436

#description:AveryfastandreliableSQLdatabaseengine.

#CommentstosupportLSBinitscriptconventions

###BEGININITINFO

#Provides:mysql

#Required-Start:$local_fs$network$remote_fs

#Should-Start:ypbindnscdldapntpdxntpd

#Required-Stop:$local_fs$network$remote_fs

#Default-Start:2345

#Default-Stop:016

#Short-Description:startandstopMySQL

#Description:MySQLisaveryfastandreliableSQLdatabaseengine.

###ENDINITINFO

#IfyouinstallMySQLonsomeotherplacesthan/usr/local/mysql,thenyou

#havetodooneofthefollowingthingsforthisscripttowork:

#

#-RunthisscriptfromwithintheMySQLinstallationdirectory

#-Createa/etc/my.cnffilewiththefollowinginformation:

#[mysqld]

#basedir=

#-Addtheabovetoanyotherconfigurationfile(forexample~/.my.ini)

#andcopymy_print_defaultsto/usr/bin

#-Addthepathtothemysql-installation-directorytothebasedirvariable

#below.

#

#IfyouwanttoaffectotherMySQLvariables,youshouldmakeyourchanges

#inthe/etc/my.cnf,~/.my.cnforotherMySQLconfigurationfiles.

#Ifyouchangebasedir,youmustalsochangedatadir.Thesemayget

#overwrittenbysettingsintheMySQLconfigurationfiles.

basedir=/home/mysql/

datadir=/home/mysql/data

#Defaultvalue,inseconds,afterwhichthescriptshouldtimeoutwaiting

#forserverstart.

#Valuehereisoverridenbyvalueinmy.cnf.

#0meansdontwaitatall

#Negativenumbersmeantowaitindefinitely

service_startup_timeout=900

#LockdirectoryforRedHat/SuSE.

lockdir=/var/lock/subsys

lock_file_path="$lockdir/mysql"

#Thefollowingvariablesareonlysetforlettingmysql.serverfindthings.

五、配置环境变量

vi.bash_profile

#Userspecificenvironmentandstartupprograms exportMYSQL_HOME="/home/mysql/mysql-5.7.9" exportPATH="$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin"

六、添加开机启动服务

chkconfig--addmysql

chkconfigmysqlon

七、启动mysql

[root@localhost~]#su-mysql

[mysql@localhost~]$servicemysqlstart

StartingMySQLERROR!CouldntfindMySQLserver(/home/mysql//bin/mysqld_safe)

（果然出错了）~~~~~

basedir=/usr/sever/mysql-5.7.11/

datadir=/home/mysql/data

然后修改到末尾出现：

E45:readonlyoptionisset(add!tooverride)

按照网上的解决方案：ESC后输入:wq!,(参考链接)

强制保存后，显示的错误

"/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql"

"/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql"E212:Cantopenfileforwriting

Enter后，继续ESC:x显示

E505:"/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql"isread-only(add!tooverride)

（如果仍旧不能保存退出的话，就重启开启以个连接修改试试，可能会出现--bash-4.2问题），上变得不能够编辑的问题可能是由于我在[mysql@localhost~]路径下修改文件原因。

参考链接：linux下安装mysql.tar.gz

---------------------

4/4/16测试安装，然后后边几天一直在断断续续解决tar.gz七中的问题

注意学习和解决问题的效率

4/6/16问题解决过程中发现没有/home/mysql/data/下根本就没有pid文件,重新安装rpm版本，补充

本文内容总结：

原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/mxh1099/p/5347809.html